Rivet analyses

Analysis of J/ψ → Σ+Σ̄

Experiment: BESIII (BEPC)

Inspire ID: 2655292

Status: VALIDATED

Authors: - Peter Richardson

References: - Phys.Rev.Lett. 131 (2023) 19, 191802 - arXiv: 2304.14655

Beams: e- e+

Beam energies: (1.6, 1.6)GeV

Run details: - e+e- > J/psi

Analysis of the angular distribution of the baryons, and decay products, produced in e+e → J/ψ → Σ+Σ̄. The decay modes Σ+ → pπ0 and Σ̄ → π or their charge conjugates are used to extract the decay asymmetry for Σ+ → nπ+. Gives information about the decay and is useful for testing correlations in hadron decays.

Source code:BESIII_2023_I2655292.cc

// -*- C++ -*-
#include "Rivet/Analysis.hh"
#include "Rivet/Projections/Beam.hh"
#include "Rivet/Projections/FinalState.hh"
#include "Rivet/Projections/UnstableParticles.hh"

namespace Rivet {


  /// @brief J/Psi -> Sigma+ Sigmabar-
  class BESIII_2023_I2655292 : public Analysis {
  public:

    /// Constructor
    RIVET_DEFAULT_ANALYSIS_CTOR(BESIII_2023_I2655292);

    /// @name Analysis methods
    /// @{

    /// Book histograms and initialise projections before the run
    void init() {

      // Initialise and register projections
      declare(Beam(), "Beams");
      declare(UnstableParticles(), "UFS");
      declare(FinalState(), "FS");
      for (unsigned int ix = 0; ix < 2; ++ix) {
        book(_h_T1[ix], "/TMP/T1_" + toString(ix), 20, -1., 1.);
        book(_h_T2[ix], "/TMP/T2_" + toString(ix), 20, -1., 1.);
        book(_h_T3[ix], "/TMP/T3_" + toString(ix), 20, -1., 1.);
        book(_h_T4[ix], "/TMP/T4_" + toString(ix), 20, -1., 1.);
        book(_h_T5[ix], "/TMP/T5_" + toString(ix), 20, -1., 1.);
        book(_wsum[ix], "/TMP/wsum_" + toString(ix));
      }
      book(_h_cThetaL, "/TMP/cThetaL", 20, -1., 1.);
    }

    void findChildren(const Particle& p, map<long, int>& nRes, int& ncount) {
      for (const Particle& child : p.children()) {
        if (child.children().empty()) {
          nRes[child.pid()] -= 1;
          --ncount;
        }
        else {
          findChildren(child, nRes, ncount);
        }
      }
    }

    /// Perform the per-event analysis
    void analyze(const Event& event) {
      // get the axis, direction of incoming electron
      const ParticlePair& beams = apply<Beam>(event, "Beams").beams();
      Vector3 axis;
      if (beams.first.pid() > 0)
        axis = beams.first.mom().p3().unit();
      else
        axis = beams.second.mom().p3().unit();
      // types of final state particles
      const FinalState& fs = apply<FinalState>(event, "FS");
      map<long, int> nCount;
      int ntotal(0);
      for (const Particle& p : fs.particles()) {
        nCount[p.pid()] += 1;
        ++ntotal;
      }
      // loop over Sigma+ baryons
      const UnstableParticles& ufs = apply<UnstableParticles>(event, "UFS");
      Particle Sigma, SigBar;
      bool matched(false);
      for (const Particle& p : ufs.particles(Cuts::abspid == 3222)) {
        if (p.children().empty()) continue;
        map<long, int> nRes = nCount;
        int ncount = ntotal;
        findChildren(p, nRes, ncount);
        matched = false;
        // check for antiparticle
        for (const Particle& p2 : ufs.particles(Cuts::pid == -p.pid())) {
          if (p2.children().empty()) continue;
          map<long, int> nRes2 = nRes;
          int ncount2 = ncount;
          findChildren(p2, nRes2, ncount2);
          if (ncount2 == 0) {
            matched = true;
            for (const auto& val : nRes2) {
              if (val.second != 0) {
                matched = false;
                break;
              }
            }
            // fond baryon and antibaryon
            if (matched) {
              if (p.pid() > 0) {
                Sigma = p;
                SigBar = p2;
              }
              else {
                Sigma = p2;
                SigBar = p;
              }
              break;
            }
          }
        }
        if (matched) break;
      }
      if (!matched) vetoEvent;
      // scattering angle
      const double cosL = axis.dot(Sigma.mom().p3().unit());
      const double sinL = sqrt(1. - sqr(cosL));
      _h_cThetaL->fill(cosL);
      // decay of the Sigma+
      Particle baryon;
      int imode[2] = {-1, -1};
      if (Sigma.children()[0].pid() == 2212 && Sigma.children()[1].pid() == 111) {
        baryon = Sigma.children()[0];
        imode[0] = 0;
      }
      else if (Sigma.children()[1].pid() == 2212 && Sigma.children()[0].pid() == 111) {
        baryon = Sigma.children()[1];
        imode[0] = 0;
      }
      else if (Sigma.children()[0].pid() == 2112 && Sigma.children()[1].pid() == 211) {
        baryon = Sigma.children()[0];
        imode[0] = 1;
      }
      else if (Sigma.children()[1].pid() == 2112 && Sigma.children()[0].pid() == 211) {
        baryon = Sigma.children()[1];
        imode[0] = 1;
      }
      if (imode[0] < 0) vetoEvent;
      // decay of the Sigmabar-
      Particle abaryon;
      if (SigBar.children()[0].pid() == -2212 && SigBar.children()[1].pid() == 111) {
        abaryon = SigBar.children()[0];
        imode[1] = 0;
      }
      else if (SigBar.children()[1].pid() == -2212 && SigBar.children()[0].pid() == 111) {
        abaryon = SigBar.children()[1];
        imode[1] = 0;
      }
      else if (SigBar.children()[0].pid() == -2112 && SigBar.children()[1].pid() == -211) {
        abaryon = SigBar.children()[0];
        imode[1] = 1;
      }
      else if (SigBar.children()[1].pid() == -2112 && SigBar.children()[0].pid() == -211) {
        abaryon = SigBar.children()[1];
        imode[1] = 1;
      }
      if (imode[1] < 0) vetoEvent;
      if (imode[0] == imode[1]) vetoEvent;
      // boost to the Sigma rest frame
      LorentzTransform boost1 = LorentzTransform::mkFrameTransformFromBeta(Sigma.mom().betaVec());
      Vector3 e1z = Sigma.mom().p3().unit();
      Vector3 e1y = e1z.cross(axis).unit();
      Vector3 e1x = e1y.cross(e1z).unit();
      Vector3 axis1 = boost1.transform(baryon.mom()).p3().unit();
      double n1x(e1x.dot(axis1)), n1y(e1y.dot(axis1)), n1z(e1z.dot(axis1));
      // boost to the Sigma bar
      LorentzTransform boost2 = LorentzTransform::mkFrameTransformFromBeta(SigBar.mom().betaVec());
      Vector3 axis2 = boost2.transform(abaryon.mom()).p3().unit();
      double n2x(e1x.dot(axis2)), n2y(e1y.dot(axis2)), n2z(e1z.dot(axis2));
      double T1 = sqr(sinL) * n1x * n2x + sqr(cosL) * n1z * n2z;
      double T2 = -sinL * cosL * (n1x * n2z + n1z * n2x);
      double T3 = -sinL * cosL * n1y;
      double T4 = -sinL * cosL * n2y;
      double T5 = n1z * n2z - sqr(sinL) * n1y * n2y;
      _h_T1[imode[0]]->fill(cosL, T1);
      _h_T2[imode[0]]->fill(cosL, T2);
      _h_T3[imode[0]]->fill(cosL, T3);
      _h_T4[imode[0]]->fill(cosL, T4);
      _h_T5[imode[0]]->fill(cosL, T5);
      _wsum[imode[0]]->fill();
    }

    pair<double, pair<double, double>> calcAlpha0(Histo1DPtr hist) const {
      if (hist->numEntries() == 0.) return make_pair(0., make_pair(0., 0.));
      double d = 3. / (pow(hist->xMax(), 3) - pow(hist->xMin(), 3));
      double c = 3. * (hist->xMax() - hist->xMin()) / (pow(hist->xMax(), 3) - pow(hist->xMin(), 3));
      double sum1(0.), sum2(0.), sum3(0.), sum4(0.), sum5(0.);
      for (const auto& bin : hist->bins()) {
        double Oi = bin.sumW();
        if (Oi == 0.) continue;
        double a = d * (bin.xMax() - bin.xMin());
        double b = d / 3. * (pow(bin.xMax(), 3) - pow(bin.xMin(), 3));
        double Ei = bin.errW();
        sum1 += a * Oi / sqr(Ei);
        sum2 += b * Oi / sqr(Ei);
        sum3 += sqr(a) / sqr(Ei);
        sum4 += sqr(b) / sqr(Ei);
        sum5 += a * b / sqr(Ei);
      }
      // calculate alpha
      double alpha = (-c * sum1 + sqr(c) * sum2 + sum3 - c * sum5) / (sum1 - c * sum2 + c * sum4 - sum5);
      // and error
      double cc = -pow((sum3 + sqr(c) * sum4 - 2 * c * sum5), 3);
      double bb = -2 * sqr(sum3 + sqr(c) * sum4 - 2 * c * sum5) * (sum1 - c * sum2 + c * sum4 - sum5);
      double aa = sqr(sum1 - c * sum2 + c * sum4 - sum5)
          * (-sum3 - sqr(c) * sum4 + sqr(sum1 - c * sum2 + c * sum4 - sum5) + 2 * c * sum5);
      double dis = sqr(bb) - 4. * aa * cc;
      if (dis > 0.) {
        dis = sqrt(dis);
        return make_pair(alpha, make_pair(0.5 * (-bb + dis) / aa, -0.5 * (-bb - dis) / aa));
      }
      else {
        return make_pair(alpha, make_pair(0., 0.));
      }
    }

    pair<double, double> calcCoeff(unsigned int imode, Histo1DPtr hist) const {
      if (hist->numEntries() == 0.) return make_pair(0., 0.);
      double sum1(0.), sum2(0.);
      for (const auto& bin : hist->bins()) {
        double Oi = bin.sumW();
        if (Oi == 0.) continue;
        double ai(0.), bi(0.);
        if (imode == 0) {
          bi = (pow(1. - sqr(bin.xMin()), 1.5) - pow(1. - sqr(bin.xMax()), 1.5)) / 3.;
        }
        else if (imode >= 2 && imode <= 4) {
          bi = (pow(bin.xMin(), 3) * (-5. + 3. * sqr(bin.xMin()))
                + pow(bin.xMax(), 3) * (5. - 3. * sqr(bin.xMax())))
              / 15.;
        }
        else {
          assert(false);
        }
        double Ei = bin.errW();
        sum1 += sqr(bi / Ei);
        sum2 += bi / sqr(Ei) * (Oi - ai);
      }
      return make_pair(sum2 / sum1, sqrt(1. / sum1));
    }

    /// Normalise histograms etc., after the run
    void finalize() {
      normalize(_h_cThetaL);
      for (unsigned int ix = 0; ix < 2; ++ix) {
        scale(_h_T1[ix], 1. / *_wsum[ix]);
        scale(_h_T2[ix], 1. / *_wsum[ix]);
        scale(_h_T3[ix], 1. / *_wsum[ix]);
        scale(_h_T4[ix], 1. / *_wsum[ix]);
        scale(_h_T5[ix], 1. / *_wsum[ix]);
      }
      // first calculate alpha for J/psi -> Sigma+ Sigmabar-
      pair<double, pair<double, double>> alphaPsi = calcAlpha0(_h_cThetaL);
      Estimate0DPtr h_alphaPsi;
      book(h_alphaPsi, 1, 1, 1);
      h_alphaPsi->set(alphaPsi.first, alphaPsi.second);
      double s2 = -1. + sqr(alphaPsi.first);
      double s3 = 3 + alphaPsi.first;
      double s1 = sqr(s3);
      pair<double, pair<double, double>> alpha0 = make_pair(0., make_pair(0., 0.));
      pair<double, pair<double, double>> alphabar0 = make_pair(0., make_pair(0., 0.));
      pair<double, pair<double, double>> alphaplus = make_pair(0., make_pair(0., 0.));
      pair<double, pair<double, double>> alphaminus = make_pair(0., make_pair(0., 0.));
      pair<double, pair<double, double>> delta = make_pair(0., make_pair(0., 0.));

      // now for the Sigma decays
      for (unsigned int ix = 0; ix < 2; ++ix) {
        pair<double, double> c_T2 = calcCoeff(2, _h_T2[ix]);
        pair<double, double> c_T3 = calcCoeff(3, _h_T3[ix]);
        pair<double, double> c_T4 = calcCoeff(4, _h_T4[ix]);
        double s4 = sqr(c_T2.first);
        double s5 = sqr(c_T3.first);
        double s6 = sqr(c_T4.first);
        double disc = s1 * s5 * s6 * (-9. * s2 * s4 + 4. * s1 * s5 * s6);
        if (disc < 0.) continue;
        disc = sqrt(disc);
        double aM = -sqrt(-1. / s2 / s6 * (2. * s1 * s5 * s6 + disc));
        if (ix == 1) aM *= -1;
        double aP = c_T4.first / c_T3.first * aM;
        double aM_P = (2 * (alphaPsi.first * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.first + c_T4.second * s2)
                           * (disc + 2 * s1 * s5 * s6)
                       - c_T4.first * s2
                           * (4 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.first
                                  * (c_T3.first * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.first
                                     + s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second + s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                              + (disc
                                 * (-9 * s2 * s3 * c_T2.first * c_T3.first * c_T4.first * c_T2.second
                                    + 9
                                        * ((1 - alphaPsi.first * (3 + 2 * alphaPsi.first)) * c_T3.first
                                               * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.first
                                           - s2 * s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second
                                           - s2 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                                        * s4
                                    + 8
                                        * (c_T3.first * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.first
                                           + s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second + s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                                        * s1 * s5 * s6))
                                  / (4 * pow(3 + alphaPsi.first, 3) * pow(c_T3.first, 3) * pow(c_T4.first, 3)
                                     - 9 * s2 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.first * s4)))
            / (2. * pow(c_T4.first, 3) * pow(s2, 2) * sqrt(-((disc + 2 * s1 * s5 * s6) / (s2 * s6))));
        double aM_M = (2 * (alphaPsi.first * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.second + c_T4.second * s2)
                           * (disc + 2 * s1 * s5 * s6)
                       - c_T4.first * s2
                           * (4 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.first
                                  * (c_T3.first * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.second
                                     + s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second + s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                              + (disc
                                 * (-9 * s2 * s3 * c_T2.first * c_T3.first * c_T4.first * c_T2.second
                                    + 9
                                        * ((1 - alphaPsi.first * (3 + 2 * alphaPsi.first)) * c_T3.first
                                               * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.second
                                           - s2 * s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second
                                           - s2 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                                        * s4
                                    + 8
                                        * (c_T3.first * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.second
                                           + s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second + s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                                        * s1 * s5 * s6))
                                  / (4 * pow(3 + alphaPsi.first, 3) * pow(c_T3.first, 3) * pow(c_T4.first, 3)
                                     - 9 * s2 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.first * s4)))
            / (2. * pow(c_T4.first, 3) * pow(s2, 2) * sqrt(-((disc + 2 * s1 * s5 * s6) / (s2 * s6))));
        double aP_M =
            (c_T4.first * sqrt(-((disc + 2 * s1 * s5 * s6) / (s2 * s6)))
             * (-2 * c_T3.second - (2 * alphaPsi.first * c_T3.first * alphaPsi.second.first) / s2
                + (c_T3.first
                   * (4 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.first
                          * (c_T3.first * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.first + s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second
                             + s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                      + (disc
                         * (-9 * s2 * s3 * c_T2.first * c_T3.first * c_T4.first * c_T2.second
                            + 9
                                * ((1 - alphaPsi.first * (3 + 2 * alphaPsi.first)) * c_T3.first * c_T4.first
                                       * alphaPsi.second.first
                                   - s2 * s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second - s2 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                                * s4
                            + 8
                                * (c_T3.first * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.first
                                   + s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second + s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                                * s1 * s5 * s6))
                          / (4 * pow(3 + alphaPsi.first, 3) * pow(c_T3.first, 3) * pow(c_T4.first, 3)
                             - 9 * s2 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.first * s4)))
                    / (disc + 2 * s1 * s5 * s6)))
            / (2. * pow(c_T3.first, 2));
        double aP_P =
            (c_T4.first * sqrt(-((disc + 2 * s1 * s5 * s6) / (s2 * s6)))
             * (-2 * c_T3.second - (2 * alphaPsi.first * c_T3.first * alphaPsi.second.second) / s2
                + (c_T3.first
                   * (4 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.first
                          * (c_T3.first * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.second + s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second
                             + s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                      + (disc
                         * (-9 * s2 * s3 * c_T2.first * c_T3.first * c_T4.first * c_T2.second
                            + 9
                                * ((1 - alphaPsi.first * (3 + 2 * alphaPsi.first)) * c_T3.first * c_T4.first
                                       * alphaPsi.second.second
                                   - s2 * s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second - s2 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                                * s4
                            + 8
                                * (c_T3.first * c_T4.first * alphaPsi.second.second
                                   + s3 * c_T4.first * c_T3.second + s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                                * s1 * s5 * s6))
                          / (4 * pow(3 + alphaPsi.first, 3) * pow(c_T3.first, 3) * pow(c_T4.first, 3)
                             - 9 * s2 * s3 * c_T3.first * c_T4.first * s4)))
                    / (disc + 2 * s1 * s5 * s6)))
            / (2. * pow(c_T3.first, 2));
        if (ix == 0) {
          alphaminus = make_pair(aP, make_pair(-aP_M, -aP_P));
          alpha0 = make_pair(aM, make_pair(-aM_M, -aM_P));
        }
        else {
          alphabar0 = make_pair(aP, make_pair(-aP_M, -aP_P));
          alphaplus = make_pair(aM, make_pair(-aM_M, -aM_P));
        }
        // now for Delta
        double sDelta = (-2. * (3. + alphaPsi.first) * c_T3.first) / (aM * sqrt(1 - sqr(alphaPsi.first)));
        double cDelta = (-3 * (3 + alphaPsi.first) * c_T2.first) / (aM * aP * sqrt(1 - sqr(alphaPsi.first)));

        double Delta = asin(sDelta);
        if (cDelta < 0.) Delta = M_PI - Delta;
        double ds_P = (-9 * c_T2.first
                       * ((-1 + alphaPsi.first) * (1 + alphaPsi.first) * (3 + alphaPsi.first) * c_T3.first
                              * c_T4.first * c_T2.second
                          + c_T2.first * c_T4.first
                              * (c_T3.first
                                     * (alphaPsi.second.first + 3 * alphaPsi.first * alphaPsi.second.first)
                                 - (-1 + alphaPsi.first) * (1 + alphaPsi.first) * (3 + alphaPsi.first)
                                     * c_T3.second)
                          - (-1 + alphaPsi.first) * (1 + alphaPsi.first) * (3 + alphaPsi.first) * c_T2.first
                              * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                       * disc)
            / (pow(1 - pow(alphaPsi.first, 2), 1.5) * pow(c_T4.first, 3)
               * pow(-((disc + 2 * s1 * s5 * s6) / (s2 * s6)), 1.5) * (-9 * s2 * s4 + 4 * s1 * s5 * s6));
        double ds_M = (-9 * c_T2.first
                       * ((-1 + alphaPsi.first) * (1 + alphaPsi.first) * (3 + alphaPsi.first) * c_T3.first
                              * c_T4.first * c_T2.second
                          + c_T2.first * c_T4.first
                              * (c_T3.first
                                     * (alphaPsi.second.second + 3 * alphaPsi.first * alphaPsi.second.second)
                                 - (-1 + alphaPsi.first) * (1 + alphaPsi.first) * (3 + alphaPsi.first)
                                     * c_T3.second)
                          - (-1 + alphaPsi.first) * (1 + alphaPsi.first) * (3 + alphaPsi.first) * c_T2.first
                              * c_T3.first * c_T4.second)
                       * disc)
            / (pow(1 - pow(alphaPsi.first, 2), 1.5) * pow(c_T4.first, 3)
               * pow(-((disc + 2 * s1 * s5 * s6) / (s2 * s6)), 1.5) * (-9 * s2 * s4 + 4 * s1 * s5 * s6));
        ds_P /= sqrt(1. - sqr(sDelta));
        ds_M /= sqrt(1. - sqr(sDelta));
        delta.first += Delta;
        delta.second.first += sqr(ds_P);
        delta.second.second += sqr(ds_M);
      }
      // delta phi
      Estimate0DPtr h_delta;
      book(h_delta, 1, 1, 2);
      delta.first *= 0.5;
      delta.second.first = 0.5 * sqrt(delta.second.first);
      delta.second.second = 0.5 * sqrt(delta.second.second);
      h_delta->set(delta.first, delta.second);
      // alphas
      Estimate0DPtr h_alphaP;
      book(h_alphaP, 1, 1, 3);
      h_alphaP->set(alphaplus.first, alphaplus.second);
      Estimate0DPtr h_alphaM;
      book(h_alphaM, 1, 1, 4);
      h_alphaM->set(alphaminus.first, alphaminus.second);
      Estimate0DPtr h_alpha0, h_alphabar0;
      book(h_alpha0, "TMP/h_alpha0");
      h_alpha0->set(alpha0.first, alpha0.second);
      book(h_alphabar0, "TMP/h_alphabar0");
      h_alphabar0->set(alphabar0.first, alphabar0.second);
      // ratios
      Estimate0DPtr rplus;
      book(rplus, 1, 1, 5);
      divide(h_alphaP, h_alpha0, rplus);
      rplus->setPath("/" + name() + "/" + mkAxisCode(1, 1, 5));
      Estimate0DPtr rminus;
      book(rminus, 1, 1, 6);
      divide(h_alphaM, h_alphabar0, rminus);
      rminus->setPath("/" + name() + "/" + mkAxisCode(1, 1, 6));
      //average
      Estimate0DPtr aver;
      book(aver, 1, 1, 8);
      aver->setVal(0.5 * (alphaplus.first - alphaminus.first));
      aver->setErr(make_pair(0.5 * sqrt(sqr(alphaplus.second.first) + sqr(alphaminus.second.second)),
                             0.5 * sqrt(sqr(alphaplus.second.second) + sqr(alphaminus.second.first))));
    }

    /// @}

    /// @name Histograms
    /// @{
    Histo1DPtr _h_T1[2], _h_T2[2], _h_T3[2], _h_T4[2], _h_T5[2];
    Histo1DPtr _h_cThetaL;
    CounterPtr _wsum[2];
    /// @}
  };


  RIVET_DECLARE_PLUGIN(BESIII_2023_I2655292);

}